Measure urine amylase and blood amylase activity

The article was consulted professionally by Dr Do Thi Hoang Ha Laboratory Department – Share99 Hai Phong International Hospital.

Amylase is an enzyme produced mainly in the pancreas and salivary glands and in in a significant amount in the liver and proboscis. Amylase is involved in the digestion of complex carbohydrates into single sugars. Clinically, blood amylase testing, urine amylase are worth diagnosing acute pancreatitis, acute exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, stages of pancreatitis, and a different diagnosis from other medical and digestive conditions.

1. What is amylase test?

The amylase test is used to measure amylase enzyme activity in blood samples taken from veins or in urine samples.

Normally only a small amount of amylase is found in the blood or urine. But if the pancreas or salivary glands are damaged or blocked, amylase is usually released more into the blood and urine. In the blood, amylase levels increase in a short time. However, amylase levels in the urine may remain high for a few days afterwards.

2. In what cases does Amylase rise?

  • Acute pancreatitis or exacerbating of chronic pancreatitis. In acute pancreatitis, amylase activity in the blood usually increases by 4-6 times the reference value and is usually high in parallel with lipase levels.
  • Obstruction of the pancreatic duct and pancreatic cancer.
  • Increased levels of amylase in peritoneal fluid may occur in acute pancreatitis but may also occur in other abdominal disorders, such as intestinal obstruction or decreased blood flow to the intestine (infarction), perforation of the small intestine or perforation of the duodenal ulcer.
  • Amylase also increases in chronic pancreatitis often associated with alcoholism, trauma, pancreatic duct obstruction.
  • Drug-induction acute pancreatitis (corticosteroids, dexamethasone, mercaptopurin, furosemide…).
  • Acute alcohol poisoning.
  • Biliary pathology: Bile lithiasis, acute gallbladder inflammation, bile obstruction …
  • End-stage renal failure.
  • Salivary gland pathology: Acute or chronic salivary gland inflammation, blockage of salivary duct, quadling.
  • Ceton acidosis caused by diabetes mellitus
  • Enhanced thyroid function

Amylase Test

In acute pancreatitis, amylase in the blood usually increases by 4-6 times over the reference value

3. In what cases does Amylase decrease?

  • Decreased blood amylase levels in a person with symptoms of pancreatitis may tell that the amylase-producing cells of the pancreas are permanently damaged, pancreatic cancer
  • Severe liver damage: Intoxicated hepatitis, cirrhosis, gestational intoxication, severe burns.
  • Severe thyroid intoxication

4. Amylase in urine

Amylase discharges through urine so a urine amylase activity test may be inleted with or after a blood amylase test when therapeutic effectivenessity should be evaluated and amylase levels increase or decrease over time. Amylaseuria activity increases within 7-10 days after acute pancreatitis, so the amylaseuria test is useful to prove there is acute pancreatitis after the blood amylase activity has returned to normal.

5. Prescribe a test

  • Blood amylase testing is in place along with lipase testing, to help diagnose and monitor acute or chronic pancreatitis and other pancreatic diseases.
  • Exploration, diagnosis of inflammatory incidents in the abdomen.
  • Diagnosis and monitoring of inflammation, blockage of the salivary glands.
  • Normal blood values: 22-80U/L.
  • Normal values in urine: 42-321U/L.

6. How to sample a specimen

  • Blood amylase test is performed on the serum. Ask the sick person to fast before taking blood
  • Urine: Collect urine products 24 hours. Urine is preserved in the cooler or in ice cold

Fasting

Patients fasting before blood is taken

7. Implementation procedure

  • Blood amylase test
    • Wrap an elastic bandage around the arm to stop the flow of blood. Thus, the veins below the ice will be larger, the sampling nurse can pierce the needle into the vein more easily
    • Disinfection of the injection site with alcohol
    • Needle piercing in a vein: It may be necessary to stab the needle several times (when the person has difficulty getting blood)
    • Draw blood into the syringe
    • Remove the elastic bandage in the arm when sufficient blood is taken
    • Place a gauze or cotton pad on the needle stab when the needle is drawn
    • Press on the injection site and then bandage
  • Urine amylase test: Amylase can be measured in two ways, in a 24-hour or 2-hour urine sample. A 24-hour urine sample is the total amount of urine over a 24-hour period, the procedure is as follows:
    • Start taking urine in the morning but do not take the first urine paddock immediately after waking up. It is advisable to take notes to mark the start time for getting urine 24 hours
    • Take all urine for the next 24 hours. The doctor will provide a large container containing about 1 gal (4 l) with a small amount of preserv preservers that avoid rotten urine. Urinate into a small, clean jar, then pour urine into a large container, without touching the fingers inside the container
    • Keep large containers in the refrigerator for 24 hours
    • It is recommended to empty the bladder for the last time or just before the end of the 24-hour period, add this urine to a large container and record the time. Remember that toilet paper, pubic hair, feces, menstrual blood or other impurities should not be left in the urine sample.

8. Benefits of blood and urine amylase activity measurement tests

This is an indispensable test for all cases of suspected abdominal pain due to the origin of the pancreas and cases of jaundice of unknown origin.

Serum amylase activity measurements are often taken to differentiate acute pancreatitis abdominal pain from abdominal pain that requires surgery for other causes. Serum amylase activity begins to increase 3–6 hours after acute pancreatitis occurs and peaks around the 24th hour. This activity returns to its normal value 2-3 days later. Amylaseuria activity increases within 7–10 days, so the amylase urinary activity test is a useful test to prove there is acute pancreatitis after serum amylase activity has returned to normal.

Amylase activity can also be quan quaned in cervical or pleural diseases. Increased amylase activity in these fluids (greater than 1000U/l) suggests pancreatic-derived effic spills.

Evaluation of both serum amylase activity for suspected cases of acute pancreatitis. Some normal patients have an increase in blood amylase known as "macroamylase". This condition is determined when the patient has a normal increase in blood amylase activity but amylaseuria and no renal failure. Abnormally elevated blood amylase activity in these patients is caused by amylase being abnormally attached to a plasma globulin.

Customers can directly go to Share99 Health System nationwide for examination or contact the hotline here for assistance.

SEE MORE:

  • Learn about the Amylase test
  • Amylase test in acute pancreatitis
  • Lipaza Enzymes: Things to Know
SEE MORE:

  • Learn about the Amylase test
  • Learn about lipase testing in diagnostics
  • The role of the pancreas in the end noisyn system

About: John Smith

b1ffdb54307529964874ff53a5c5de33?s=90&r=gI am the author of Share99.net. I had been working in Vinmec International General Hospital for over 10 years. I dedicate my passion on every post in this site.

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